Laboratory and clinical trials of cocamide diethanolamine lotion against head lice
Laboratory and clinical trials of cocamide diethanolamine lotion against head lice
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Context.During the late 1990s, insecticide resistance had rendered a number of treatment products ineffective; some companies saw this as an opportunity to develop alternative types of treatment.We investigated the possibility that a surfactant-based lotion containing 10% cocamide weleda skin food 75ml best price diethanolamine (cocamide DEA) was effective to eliminate head louse infestation.
Settings and Design.Initial in vitro testing of the lotion formulation versus laboratory reared body/clothing lice, followed by two randomised, controlled, community-based, assessor blinded, clinical studies.Materials and Methods.
Preliminary laboratory tests were performed by exposing lice or louse eggs to the product using a method that mimicked the intended use.Clinical Study 1: Children and adults with confirmed head louse infestation were treated by investigators using a single application of aqueous 10% cocamide DEA lotion applied for 60 min followed by shampooing or a single 1% permethrin creme rinse treatment applied to pre-washed hair for 10 min.Clinical Study 2: Compared two treatment regimens using 10% cocamide DEA lotion that was concentrated by hair drying.
A single application left on for 8 h/overnight was compared with two applications 7 days apart of swish supreme glide track white 2 h duration, followed by a shampoo wash.Results.The initial laboratory tests showed a pediculicidal effect for a 60 min application but limited ovicidal effect.
A longer application time of 8 h or overnight was found capable of killing all eggs but this differed between batches of test material.Clinical Study 1: Both treatments performed badly with only 3/23 (13%) successful treatments using cocamide DEA and 5/25 (23.8%) using permethrin.
Clinical Study 2: The single overnight application of cocamide DEA concentrated by hair drying gave 10/56 (17.9%) successes compared with 19/56 (33.9%) for the 2 h application regimen repeated after 1 week.
Intention to treat analysis showed no significant difference (p = 0.0523) between the treatments.Over the two studies, there were 18 adverse events possibly or probably associated with treatment, most of which were increased pruritus after treatment.
Conclusions.Cocamide DEA 10% lotion, even when concentrated by hair drying, showed limited activity to eliminate head louse infestation.